Most diploid organisms have polyploid ancestors. The evolutionary process of
polyploidization is poorly understood but has frequently been conjectured to involve some …

Epigenetic modifications play important roles in genome evolution and innovation. However,
most analyses have focused on the evolutionary role of DNA modifications, and little is …

Abstract Motivation Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies generate a large
amount of high quality transcriptome datasets enabling the investigation of molecular …

Plant-derived microRNAs have recently been reported to function in human blood and
tissues. Controversy was immediately raised due to possible contamination and the lack of …

Perennial grasses are important forage crops and emerging biomass crops and have the
potential to be more sustainable grain crops. However, most perennial grass crops are …

The advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies has led to the production of a
significant amount of omics data in plants, which serves as valuable assets for conducting …

Proteins encoded by newly-emerged genes ('orphan genes') share no sequence similarity
with proteins in any other species. They provide organisms with a reservoir of genetic …

Plants constantly fight with stressful factors as high or low temperature, drought, soil salinity
and flooding. Plants have evolved a set of stress response mechanisms, which involve …

Functional divergences of coding genes can be caused by divergences in their coding
sequences and expression. However, whether and how expression divergences and coding …

Paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) is a mild pepper with larger fruit and thicker fruit skin than
common chilli and bell peppers. The process of fruit development in paprika is relatively …