Currently about 2.71 billion humans use a smartphone worldwide. Although smartphone
technology has brought many advances, a growing number of scientists discuss potential …

The loss of control over drug intake that occurs in addiction was initially believed to result
from disruption of subcortical reward circuits. However, imaging studies in addictive …

Heavy alcohol consumption has been associated with brain atrophy, neuronal loss, and
poorer white matter fiber integrity. However, there is conflicting evidence on whether light-to …

Pregnancy is a period of profound hormonal and physiological changes experienced by
millions of women annually, yet the neural changes unfolding in the maternal brain …

This study relies on knowledge regarding the neuroplasticity of dual-system components
that govern addiction and excessive behavior and suggests that alterations in the grey …

Rationale Genetic and environmental influences on the development of alcohol and drug
dependence are equally important. Exposure to early life stress, that is unfortunately …

The basal ganglia (BG) and the cerebellum historically have been relegated to a functional
role in producing or modulating motor output. Recent research, however, has emphasized …

This chapter begins with a summary of the initial findings on the effects of insula lesions on
smoking behavior as well as more recent human‐lesion studies that replicate and extend …

Brain imaging technology has allowed researchers to conduct rigorous studies of the
dynamic course of alcoholism through periods of drinking, sobriety, and relapse and to gain …

Abstract Purpose of Review Suicide is a major public health concern and a leading cause of
death in the US. Alcohol and opioid use disorders (AUD/OUD) significantly increase risk for …