Increasing recognition that Parkinson's disease (PD) may start outside of the substantia
nigra has led to a rapidly expanding effort to define prodromal stages of PD, before motor …

Parkinson disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that affects as many
as 1–2% of persons aged 60 years and older. With the aging of the population, the …

The dramatic response of most motor and some nonmotor symptoms to dopaminergic
therapies has contributed to maintaining the long‐established identity of Parkinson's …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative
disorder that presents with autonomic failure in combination with parkinsonism or cerebellar …

Although resting tremor, cogwheel rigidity, hypokinesia/bradykinesia and postural instability
usually dominate the clinical picture of sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD), both clinical and …

OBJECTIVES: Differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other
neurodegenerative parkinsonism by clinical consensus criteria and diagnostic imaging is …

Lewy bodies, the histologic hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD), are detected in the brains
of about 10% of clinically normal people over the age of 60 years. When Lewy bodies are …

Cardiac sympathetic denervation, as documented on 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG)
myocardial scintigraphy, is relatively sensitive and specific for distinguishing Parkinson's …

The two most frequent synucleinopathies, Parkinson disease (PD) or brainstem predominant
type of Lewy body disease, and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), are neurodegenerative …

Lewy body disease (LBD) is a spectrum of progressive neurodegenerative disorders
characterized by the wide distribution of Lewy bodies and neurites in the central and …