Ant colony optimization (ACO) is an optimization algorithm inspired by the natural behavior
of ant species that ants deposit pheromone on the ground for foraging. In this paper, ACO is …

Slope stability analysis of any natural or artificial slope aims at determining the factor of
safety of the slip surface that possesses the lowest factor of safety. In this study, an ant …

Swarm-based algorithms define a family of methods that consider a population of very
simple individuals that cooperate to solve a difficult problem. The Shuffled frog-leaping …

A new technique for color reduction of complex document images is presented in this article.
It reduces significantly the number of colors of the document image (less than 15 colors in …

Color quantization (cq), the reduction of the number of distinct colors in a given image with
minimal distortion, is a common image processing operation with various applications in …

The objective of the color quantization problem is to reduce the number of different colors of
an image, in order to obtain a new image as similar as possible to the original. This is a …

In this paper, a novel image segmentation algorithm based on the theory of gravity is
presented, which is called as “stochastic feature based gravitational image segmentation …

Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is a swarm-based optimization technique that has
attracted the attention of many researchers in several optimization fields due to its …

Ant-tree is a clustering algorithm inspired by biological ants. This paper defines a variant of
such algorithm to perform colour quantization. Some of the features of the basic Ant-tree …

Wavelet shrinkage is an image denoising technique based on the concept of thresholding
the wavelet coefficients. The key challenge of wavelet shrinkage is to find an appropriate …