Tripartite efflux pumps and the related type 1 secretion systems (T1SSs) in Gram-negative
organisms are diverse in function, energization, and structural organization. They form …

Recent studies applying advanced imaging techniques are changing the way we
understand bacterial cell surfaces, bringing new knowledge on everything from single-cell …

Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a growing
family of natural products with diverse activities and structures. RiPP classes are defined by …

The spatial and temporal coordination of protein transport is an essential cornerstone of the
bacterial adaptation to different environmental conditions. By adjusting the protein …

To reach their final destinations, outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of gram-negative bacteria
undertake an eventful journey beginning in the cytosol. Multiple molecular machines …

Encapsulation and compartmentalization are fundamental to the evolution of cellular life, but
they also pose a challenge: how to partition the molecules that perform biological functions …

PpiD and YfgM are inner membrane proteins that are both composed of an N-terminal
transmembrane segment and a C-terminal periplasmic domain. Escherichia coli YfgM and …

Background Whereas the translocation of proteins across the cell membrane has been
thoroughly investigated, it is still unclear how proteins cross the cell wall in Gram-positive …

More than a third of all bacterial polypeptides, comprising the 'exportome', are transported to
extracytoplasmic locations. Most of the exportome is targeted and inserts into …

Gram-negative bacterial members of the Resistance Nodulation and cell Division (RND)
superfamily form tripartite efflux pump systems that span the cell envelope. One of the …