Cancer arises in the context of an in vivo tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is
both a cause and consequence of tumorigenesis. Tumor and host cells co-evolve …

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is one of the crucial transcription
factors, responsible for regulating cellular proliferation, cellular differentiation, migration …

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling is essential for normal and cancer biology.
Mammalian FGF family members participate in multiple signaling pathways by binding to …

Abstract IL-4 and IL-13 are pleiotropic Th2 cytokines produced by a wide variety of different
cell types and responsible for a broad range of biology and functions. Physiologically, Th2 …

Introduction Breast cancer (BC) accounts for the majority of cancers among the female
population. Anomalous activation of various signaling pathways has become an issue of …

Many cytokines are crucial drivers of cancers and autoimmune conditions. These proteins
bind to receptors and signal their responses through Janus kinase (JAK) and signal …

Background Cancer-derived exosomes are involved in metastasis. YKT6 is a SNARE
protein that participates in the regulation of exosome production and release, but its role in …

Background Several treatments in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are histology-
dependent, and the need for histology-related markers is increasing. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) …

The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 governs essential functions of
epithelial and hematopoietic cells that are often dysregulated in cancer. While the role for …

The ocean occupies three-fourths of the Earth's surface and hosts approximately 80% of all
living species. In fact, some areas of the sea such as coral reefs possess a biodiversity …