Artificial intelligence is often framed as a tool to be used to counter violent extremism. This
paper seeks to make a contribution to scholarship on the use of AI by considering the other …

Despite a burgeoning focus on cyber and international security, there is still great debate
about how cyber operations fit among other military and foreign policy means. Are they a …

The use of offensive cyber operations in war is no longer theoretical conjecture. Still, as we
witness their use, important questions remain. How are offensive cyber operations employed …

The Russian invasion of Ukraine and the subsequent rise of the IT Army of Ukraine (IT Army)
illustrate how an organized non-military, all volunteer, and multinational digital resistance …

ABSTRACT I explore four sets of explanations on what makes it hard for democracies to
penalise hackers for their digital actions. My analysis reveals that of the four challenges, two …

The intertwinement between innovation, the expansion of digital technologies and insecurity
has contributed to the surfacing of concerns related to the development of cyber capacities …

The application of securitization theory to cybersecurity is useful since it subjects the emotive
rhetoric of threat construction to critical scrutiny. Floyd's just securitization theory (JST) …

The rapid development of technology has finally opened up a new space that is connected
through the internet. Southeast Asia is one of the regions with the highest percentage of …

Modern societies rely upon cyberspace for their daily functioning. This includes public and
private organizations in government, commerce, banking, news and information, and critical …

Three decades after the term cyberwar was first used, the ethical dimensions as they pertain
to offensive and non-offensive cyber operations are far from settled. That should, however …