I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

Antibiotic therapy through short-term or repeated long-term prescriptions can have several
damaging effects on the normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. Changes in …

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal organism frequently detected in the oral cavity of
children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Previous studies suggested the …

Background Global antibiotic use has been increasing for decades. The gut microbiome, a
key contributor to health, can be altered by antibiotics, which have been associated with …

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) encompasses a heterogeneous group of debilitating chronic
inflammatory sinonasal diseases. Despite considerable research, the etiology of CRS …

Microbiome and the immune system are constantly shaping each other, in a mutual aim to
thrive, defining the unstable equilibrium of the healthy individual. Microbiome is growingly …

Objectives We performed a systematic review on single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and risk‐
related chronic rhinosinusitis. Design and Setting A comprehensive review of the last 20 …

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a broad clinical syndrome linked by mucosal
inflammation. Primary treatment modalities are corticosteroids and antibiotics with surgery …

There is a high incidence of upper respiratory viral infections in the human population, with
infection severity being unique to each individual. Upper respiratory viruses have been …

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) contribute to 80% of lower extremity amputations. Although
physicians currently rely on clinical signs along with non‐specific biomarkers of infection …