Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes, with
several underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, some of which are still uncertain. The …

With the global prevalence of diabetes mellitus over recent decades, more patients suffered
from various diabetic complications, including diabetic ocular surface diseases that may …

Itch is an evolutionarily conserved sensation that facilitates expulsion of pathogens and
noxious stimuli from the skin. However, in organ failure, cancer, and chronic inflammatory …

A key element of contact lens practice involves clinical evaluation of anterior eye health,
including the cornea and limbus, conjunctiva and sclera, eyelids and eyelashes, lacrimal …

The cornea is the most densely innervated and sensitive tissue in the body. The cornea is
exclusively innervated by C-and A-delta fibers, including mechano-nociceptors that are …

As the cornea is densely innervated, its nerves are integral not only to its structure but also to
its pathophysiology. Corneal integrity depends on a protective tear film that is maintained by …

Inosine is a dietary supplement that is widely used for managing numerous central
neurological disorders. Interestingly, recent experimental investigation of inosine revealed …

Substance P (SP) is a tachykinin expressed by various cells in the nervous and immune
systems. SP is predominantly released by neurons and exerts its biological and …

Corneal nerves are instrumental to maintain cornea integrity through regulation of key
physiological functions such as tear secretion, blink reflex, and neuropeptide turnover …

Sneezing is a vital respiratory reflex frequently associated with allergic rhinitis and viral
respiratory infections. However, its neural circuit remains largely unknown. A sneeze …