Immunological memory is an important evolutionary trait that improves host survival upon
reinfection. Memory is a characteristic recognized within both the innate and adaptive arms …

Transcriptome studies reveal pervasive transcription of complex genomes, such as those of
mammals. Despite popular arguments for functionality of most, if not all, of these transcripts …

Innate immune memory is a vital mechanism of myeloid cell plasticity that occurs in
response to environmental stimuli and alters subsequent immune responses. Two types of …

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) direct a remarkable number of diverse functions in development
and disease through their regulation of transcription, RNA processing and translation …

Cohesin extrusion is thought to play a central role in establishing the architecture of
mammalian genomes. However, extrusion has not been visualized in vivo, and thus, its …

A major shift in our understanding of genome regulation has emerged recently. It is now
apparent that the majority of cellular transcripts do not code for proteins, and many of them …

BACKGROUND Host immune responses are classically divided into innate immune
responses, which react rapidly and nonspecifically upon encountering a pathogen, and …

INTRODUCTION Microglia play essential roles in central nervous system homeostasis and
influence diverse aspects of neuronal function, including refinement of synaptic networks …

Chromatin, the template for epigenetic regulation, is a highly dynamic entity that is constantly
reshaped during early development and differentiation. Epigenetic modification of chromatin …

Macrophages are crucial members of the innate immune response and important regulators.
The differentiation and activation of macrophages require the timely regulation of gene …