Lymphatic malformations are benign vascular lesions that arise from embryological
disturbances in the development of the lymphatic system. They encompass a wide spectrum …

Multimodal treatment of lymphatic malformations continues to expand as new information
about the biology and genetics of these lesions is discovered, in addition to knowledge …

Importance Vascular anomalies of the head and neck are relatively rare lesions.
Management is challenging because of the high likelihood of involvement of functionally …

Multimodal treatment of lymphatic malformations continues to expand as new information
about the biology and genetics of these lesions is discovered, along with knowledge gained …

Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are congenital, nonneoplastic vascular malformations
associated with postzygotic activating PIK3CA mutations. The mutation spectrum within LMs …

Purpose Vascular malformations (VM) are primarily caused by somatic activating pathogenic
variants in oncogenes. Targeted pharmacotherapies are emerging but require molecular …

Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are developmental defects of lymphatic vessels. LMs are
histologically benign lesions, however, due to localization, size, and unexpected swelling …

The approach to treating common (cystic) lymphatic malformations (LMs) has evolved
significantly over the last decade due to clinical research and recent developments in …

Lymphatic malformations are fluid-filled congenital defects of lymphatic channels occurring
in 1 in 6000 to 16,000 patients. There are various types, and they often exist in conjunction …

Background Vascular anomalies affect up to 5% of children with the majority affecting the
head and neck. They present at different ages as a wide variety of lesions. A careful …