Preclinical evidence has firmly established bidirectional interactions among the brain, the
gut, and the gut microbiome. Candidate signaling molecules and at least three …

I. INTRODUCTION 1877 II. STUDYING THE... 1881 III. MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS...
1907 IV. PATHWAYS OF COMMUNICATION 1911 V. MICROBIOTA AND SYNAPTIC... 1929 …

BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a chronic, burdensome condition that is historically
understudied. Consequently, there is a lack of understanding of the etiology of the disease …

Key points Chronic (psychosocial) stress changes gut microbiota composition, as well as
inducing behavioural and physiological deficits. The microbial metabolites short‐chain fatty …

The importance of the gut–brain axis in regulating stress-related responses has long been
appreciated. More recently, the microbiota has emerged as a key player in the control of this …

It has become increasingly clear that the gut microbiota influences not only gastrointestinal
physiology but also central nervous system (CNS) function by modulating signalling …

The microbiota is increasingly recognized for its ability to influence the development and
function of the nervous system and several complex host behaviors. In this review, we …

A complex bidirectional communication system exists between the gastrointestinal tract and
the brain. Initially termed the “gut-brain axis” it is now renamed the “microbiota-gut-brain …

Chronic stress is known to promote inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the underlying
mechanism remains largely unresolved. Here, we found chronic stress to sensitize mice to …

Accumulating evidence indicates that patients with severe mental disorders, including major
depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia present with various alterations of the gut …