Vitamin D has been reported to influence physiological systems that extend far beyond its
established functions in calcium and bone homeostasis. Prominent amongst these are the …

Background Early life exposures impact immune system development and therefore the risk
of immune-mediated diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We …

Vitamin D is a key hormone in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and
plays a pivotal role in bone health, particularly during pediatric age when nutritional rickets …

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a heterogeneous groups of diseases that occur as a results
of loss of tolerance to self antigens. While the etiopathogeneis remain obscure, different …

The concept of immunological memory stipulates that past exposures shape present
immune function. These exposures include not only specific antigens impacting adaptive …

Vitamin D is suggested to have protective effects against type 1 diabetes. However, the
results from observational studies have been inconsistent. We aimed to examine their …

The hygiene hypothesis postulates that higher levels of cleanliness and improper exposure
to microorganisms early in childhood could disturb the intestinal microbiome resulting in …

Canada has among the highest rates of childhood-onset IBD in the world. Over 7000
children and youth under 18 years old are living with IBD in Canada, and 600 to 650 …

Background Month of birth has previously been described as a risk factor for multiple
sclerosis (MS). This has been hypothesised to be related to maternal vitamin D levels during …

Objectives: To review and evaluate the role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases based on
current studies. Method: We searched PubMed using keywords such as 'vitamin …