Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are used widely, in both research and clinical practice. In the
last 20 years, much experience has been gained in measurement and interpretation of these …

Kidneys are a major organ for blood filtration and waste elimination and thus play a key role
in the transport and clearance of nanoparticles in vivo. The interactions of nanoparticles with …

Osteoporosis is a “skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength
predisposing a person to an increased risk of fracture” which, in light of demographic …

Description: The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2017 Clinical
Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in patients with chronic kidney
disease (CKD). Both conditions are rising in incidence as well as prevalence, creating poor …

Wytyczne dotyczące nadciśnienia tętniczego opublikowane w 2013 r. przez Europejskie
Towarzystwo Nadciśnienia Tętniczego (ESH) i Europejskie Towarzystwo Kardiologiczne …

The key players of the chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) are
calcium, phosphate, PTH, FGF23, and the vitamin D hormonal system. The progressive …

Metal ions play important roles in biological processes, 1 and the field of knowledge
concerned with the application of inorganic chemistry to therapy or diagnosis of disease is …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with the development of mineral bone disorder
(MBD), osteoporosis, and fragility fractures. Among CKD patients, adynamic bone disease or …

Controlling the excessive fracture burden in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Stages G4–G5D remains an impressive challenge. The reasons are 2-fold. First, the …