Active drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC)-containing family of
proteins have a major impact on the pharmacological behavior of most of the drugs in use …

The amphetamine derivative (±)-3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is
a popular recreational drug among young people, particularly those involved in the dance …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with a loss of neurons from the midbrain. The cause
of PD is unknown, but it is established that certain neurotoxins can cause similar syndromes …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) serves as a protective mechanism for the brain by preventing
entry of potentially harmful substances from free access to the central nervous system …

Cerebral amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) accumulation resulting from an imbalance between Aβ
production and clearance is one of the most important causes in the formation of Alzheimer's …

Drug delivery to brain tumors has been a controversial subject. Some believe the blood-
brain barrier is not important, while others believe it is the major obstacle in treatment and …

This Perspective provides important concepts about the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in drug
discovery and how they should be applied effectively in designing successful CNS drugs …

Drug transporters are expressed in many tissues such as the intestine, liver, kidney, and
brain, and play key roles in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion. The information on …

Multixenobiotic resistance in aquatic organisms exposed to natural toxins or anthropogenic
contaminants is a phenomenon analogous to multidrug resistance in mammalian tumor cell …

Thirty-two structurally diverse drugs used for the treatment of various conditions of the
central nervous system (CNS), along with two active metabolites, and eight non-CNS drugs …