Vibrio spp. thrive in warm water and moderate salinity, and they are associated with aquatic
invertebrates, notably crustaceans and zooplankton. At least 12 Vibrio spp. are known to …

Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. These viruses were
discovered a century ago and have been used as a model system in microbial genetics and …

In response to predation by bacteriophages and invasion by other mobile genetic elements
such as plasmids, bacteria have evolved specialized defense systems that are often …

Cholera is a life-threatening infectious disease that remains an important public health issue
in several low and middle-income countries. In 1992, a newly identified O139 Vibrio …

Collective behavior in spatially structured groups, or biofilms, is the norm among microbes in
their natural environments. Though biofilm formation has been studied for decades, tracing …

Type IV pili are dynamic cell surface appendages found throughout the bacteria. The ability
of these structures to undergo repetitive cycles of extension and retraction underpins their …

Background After a multi-country Asian outbreak of cholera due to Vibrio cholerae
serogroup O139 which started in 1992, it is rarely detected from any country in Asia and has …

Viruses of bacteria, ie, bacteriophages (or phages for short), were discovered over a century
ago and have played a major role as a model system for the establishment of the fields of …

Background Cholera remains a major global health challenge. Uvira, in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo (DRC), has had endemic cholera since the 1970's and has been …

Cholera is a diarrhoeal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) bacterium, with
strains belonging to serogroups 01 and 0139 causing a huge proportion of the disease. V …