Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in patients with chronic kidney
disease (CKD). Both conditions are rising in incidence as well as prevalence, creating poor …

Although chronic kidney disease is characterized by low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or
albuminuria, estimated GFR (eGFR) is more widely utilized as a marker of risk profile in …

The kidneys and heart share functions with the common goal of maintaining homeostasis.
When kidney injury occurs, many compounds, the so-called “uremic retention solutes” or …

Infectious disease is recognized as an important complication among patients with end-
stage renal disease, contributing to excess morbidity and health care costs. However, recent …

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide, and the mortality
rate continues to be unacceptably high. The biomarkers currently used in clinical practice …

The clinical consequences of obesity on the kidneys, with or without metabolic
abnormalities, involve both renal function and structures. The mechanisms linking obesity …

Although phosphorus is an essential nutrient required for multiple physiological functions,
recent research raises concerns that high phosphorus intake could have detrimental effects …

It is well documented that chronic kidney disease patients have an extremely high risk of
developing cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) compared to the general population …

Background Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. Its
role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is …

Background Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) pose significant public health
challenges, sharing intertwined pathophysiological mechanisms. Prediabetes is recognized …