Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐Cov2) outbreak has caused a
pandemic rapidly impacting on the way of life of the entire world. This impact in the specific …

Abstract Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is a member of the IRF family. It is the first
transcription factor to be identified that could bind to the interferon-stimulated response …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) accompanies with high morbidity and mortality. Incomplete renal
recovery can lead to chronic and finally end-stage kidney disease, which results in the …

Objective Limiting purine intake, inhibiting xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and inhibiting
urate reabsorption in proximal tubule by uricosuric drugs, to reduce serum uric acid (UA) …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic chronic intestinal inflammation. An increasing body of
evidence shows that macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of UC …

Lung transplantation can be lifesaving in end-stage cystic fibrosis (CF), but long-term
survival is limited by chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Persistent upper airway …

IFN regulatory factors (IRFs) are transcription factors that mediate homeostatic mechanisms
of host defense against pathogens. In addition to IRF1–9, which are conserved across …

Background. Kidney transplantation is the best treatment option for end stage renal disease
(ESRD), but graft rejection is still a big obstacle that occurs in spite of immunosuppressive …

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an inevitable complication of hepatic surgery
occasioned by liver transplantation and resection. The progression from liver ischemia to …

The role of main TCD4+ lymphocyte subsets including T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, and T
regulatory cells in transplantation has already been described; however, the implication of …