Biofilms are ubiquitous communities of tightly associated bacteria encased in an
extracellular matrix. Bacillus subtilis has long served as a robust model organism to examine …

Many bacteria swim in liquid or swarm over solid surfaces by synthesizing rotary flagella.
The same bacteria that are motile also commonly form nonmotile multicellular aggregates …

The study of bacterial ion channels has provided fundamental insights into the structural
basis of neuronal signalling; however, the native role of ion channels in bacteria has …

Cells that reside within a community can cooperate and also compete with each other for
resources. It remains unclear how these opposing interactions are resolved at the …

The dormant state of bacterial spores is generally thought to be devoid of biological activity.
We show that despite continued dormancy, spores can integrate environmental signals over …

Bacteria residing within biofilm communities can coordinate their behavior through cell-to-
cell signaling. However, it remains unclear if these signals can also influence the behavior of …

Bacillus cereus displays a high diversity of lifestyles and ecological niches and include
beneficial as well as pathogenic strains. These strains are widespread in the environment …

INTRODUCTION Riboswitches and attenuators are cis-regulatory RNA elements (ribo-
regulators), which in most cases control bacterial gene expression via ligand-mediated …

Coupled transcription-translation (CTT) is a hallmark of prokaryotic gene expression. CTT
occurs when ribosomes associate with and initiate translation of mRNAs whose transcription …

Cellular membrane potential plays a key role in the formation and retrieval of memories in
the metazoan brain, but it remains unclear whether such memory can also be encoded in …