Tripartite efflux pumps and the related type 1 secretion systems (T1SSs) in Gram-negative
organisms are diverse in function, energization, and structural organization. They form …

A new and promising tool in membrane research is the detergent-free solubilization of
membrane proteins by styrene–maleic acid copolymers (SMAs). These amphipathic …

Despite the great importance of membrane proteins, structural and functional studies of
these proteins present major challenges. A significant hurdle is the extraction of the …

Bacterial multidrug efflux pumps have come to prominence in human and veterinary
pathogenesis because they help bacteria protect themselves against the antimicrobials …

A major obstacle in the study of membrane proteins is their solubilization in a stable and
active conformation when using detergents. Here, we explored a detergent-free approach to …

Membrane proteins are highly diverse in both structure and function and can, therefore,
present different challenges for structure determination. They are biologically important for …

As the autophagosome forms, its membrane surface area expands rapidly, while its volume
is kept low. Protein-mediated transfer of lipids from another organelle to the autophagosome …

Membrane proteins reside in lipid bilayers and are typically extracted from this environment
for study, which often compromises their integrity. In this work, we ejected intact assemblies …

To study integral membrane proteins, one has to extract them from the membrane—the step
that is typically achieved by the application of detergents. In this mini-review, we summarize …

For some membrane proteins, detergent-mediated solubilization compromises protein
stability and functionality, often impairing biophysical and structural analyses. Hence …