Weight loss and anorexia occur commonly in the elderly. While in many cases the anorexia
can be attributed to associated disease processes, it does appear that a true anorexia of …

Objective. Preclinical studies of pain and aging represent an area of research where
considerations of age, strain, gender, and method of behavioral assessment are but some of …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for the later development of neurodegenerative
diseases that may have various underlying pathologies. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy …

Gender and gonadal function have previously been shown to influence the magnitude of
analgesia following systemic morphine and opioid and nonopioid forms of swim analgesia …

Distress vocalizations were produced in adult guinea pigs by electrical stimulation of the
dorsomedial thalamus or the septum-preoptic area. Both of these forebrain-derived …

Previous studies have shown that alterations in various neuroendocrine functions occur with
increasing age. We here report a study of growth hormone (GH)-binding sites in different …

Pain treatment in the elderly is an important challenge to Western societies due to
increasing numbers of old persons, their higher incidence of pain, and their greater …

Drugs and Sex Differences: A Review of Drugs Relating to Ana... : Survey of Anesthesiology
Drugs and Sex Differences: A Review of Drugs Relating to Anaesthesia : Survey of …

Brain cannulated rats were injected with the opioid peptide β-endorphin (β-EP) directly into
the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) where norepinephrine (NE) is most …

In addition to age-related deficits in morphine antinociception in female rats, gender and
gonadectomy differences have also been observed, with male rats displaying greater …