Arterial occlusive disease is the leading cause of death in Western countries. Core
contemporary therapies for this disease include angioplasties, stents, endarterectomies and …

MicroRNA (miRNA) have gained widespread attention for their role in diverse vascular
processes including angiogenesis, apoptosis, proliferation, and migration. Despite great …

ABSTRACT IL-1 and its related family member IL-18 are primarily proinflammatory cytokines
by their ability to stimulate the expression of genes associated with inflammation and …

Background—Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells from a contractile to a
synthetic state is implicated in diverse vascular pathologies, including atherogenesis …

The fourth edition of The Cytokine Handbook provides an encyclopedic coverage of the
molecules that induce and regulate immune responses. Now expanded to two volumes, co …

Abstract Interleukin (IL)-1 consists of two distinct ligands, IL-1α and IL-1β, with
indistinguishable biological activities that signal through the IL-1 type I receptor (IL-1RI). A …

Abnormal Rac1 signaling is linked to a number of debilitating human diseases, including
cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. As such, Rac1 …

Background—Inflammation plays an important role in atherogenesis. The toll-like receptor 4
(TLR4) is the receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharides and also recognizes cellular …

The cellular and extracellular matrix accumulations that comprise the lesions of
atherosclerosis are driven by local release of cytokines at sites of predilection for lesion …

Engaging in regular physical activity reduces the risk of developing CVD (cardiovascular
disease), but it is not certain to what degree this may be due to the anti-inflammatory effects …