Pollination syndromes, recurring suites of floral traits appearing in connection with specific
functional pollinator groups, have served for decades to organise floral diversity under a …

Approximately 6% of flowering plant species possess flowers with anthers that open through
small pores or slits. Extracting pollen from this type of specialised flower is achieved most …

Evo-devo is often thought of as being the study of which genes underlie which phenotypes.
However, evo-devo is much more than this, especially in plant science. In leaf scars along …

The evolution of hummingbird pollination is common across angiosperms throughout the
Americas, presenting an opportunity to examine convergence in both traits and …

Evolutionary shifts from bee to vertebrate pollination are common in tropical mountains.
Reduction in bee pollination efficiency under adverse montane weather conditions was …

The following guide is aimed at aiding in the curation of herbarium collections in
Melastomataceae, with an emphasis on the New World species. It contains a summary of the …

Angiosperm flowers have diversified in adaptation to pollinators, but are also shaped by
developmental and genetic histories. The relative importance of these factors in structuring …

Buzz pollination, a type of interaction in which bees use vibrations to extract pollen from
certain kinds of flowers, captures a close relationship between thousands of bee and plant …

Body size is an important trait linking pollinators and plants. Morphological matching
between pollinators and plants is thought to reinforce pollinator fidelity, as the correct fit …

One of the reasons why flowering plants became the most diverse group of land plants is
their association with animals to reproduce. The earliest examples of this mutualism …