Abstract The climate of South America (SA) has long held an intimate connection with El
Niño, historically describing anomalously warm sea-surface temperatures off the coastline of …

The climate is a forced, dissipative, nonlinear, complex, and heterogeneous system that is
out of thermodynamic equilibrium. The system exhibits natural variability on many scales of …

Esta obra científica vem felizmente preencher a carência de materiais didáticos para os
cursos de graduação e pós-graduação em meteorologia e áreas afins, sobre os sistemas de …

Summary The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) causes climatic fluctuations in the tropics
and extratropics via atmospheric teleconnections. The anomalous Pacific sea surface …

Skillful subseasonal forecasts are crucial for various sectors of society but pose a grand
scientific challenge. Recently, machine learning-based weather forecasting models …

STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2015 Page 1 Special Supplement to the Bulletin of the American
Meteorological Society Vol. 97, No. 8, August 2016 STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2015 Brought …

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest interannual climate variability with far-
reaching socioeconomic consequences. Many studies have investigated ENSO-projected …

Extensive research has improved our understanding and forecast of the occurrence,
evolution and global impacts of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, ENSO …

Previous studies have shown strong contrasting trends in annual sea ice duration and in
monthly sea ice concentration in two regions of the Southern Ocean: decreases in the …

Composite seasonal mean and anomaly fields prepared from operational numerical
analyses have been used to describe the Southern Hemisphere (SH) circulation features …