Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders and are often chronic and
disabling. Although exposure-based treatments are effective, a substantial number of …

Fear motivates different types of defensive behaviors. These behaviors are, however, not
mere byproducts of fear. In this review, we highlight a bi-directional relationship between …

It is a defining feature of anxiety disorders that fear is elicited by a circumscribed class of
stimuli rather than by only one specific exemplar of that class. Therefore, fear generalization …

Two experiments tested whether a peak-shifted generalization gradient could be explained
by the averaging of distinct gradients displayed in subgroups reporting different …

Trait anxiety has been widely accepted as a vulnerability factor for the development of
anxiety disorders. However, few studies have examined how trait anxiety may affect fear …

Downregulating emotional overreactions toward threats is fundamental for developing
treatments for anxiety and post-traumatic disorders. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critical for …

Generalization of learning can arise from 2 distinct sources: failure to discriminate a novel
test stimulus from the trained stimulus and active extrapolation from the trained stimulus to …

While modern theories of emotion emphasize the role of higher-order cognitive processes
such as semantics in human emotion, much research into emotional learning has ignored …

The current study adopted a multimodal assessment approach to map the idiosyncratic
nature of how individuals perceive, represent, and remember their surroundings and to …

Traditional associative learning theories predict that training with feature negative (A+/AB-)
contingencies leads to the feature B acquiring negative associative strength and becoming a …