Abstract The Miocene epoch (23.03–5.33 Ma) was a time interval of global warmth, relative
to today. Continental configurations and mountain topography transitioned toward modern …

Current understanding of the long-term carbon cycle posits that Earth's climate is stabilized
by a negative feedback involving CO 2 consumption by chemical weathering of silicate …

Abstract Across the Miocene–Pliocene boundary (MPB; 5.3 million years ago, Ma), late
Miocene cooling gave way to the early-to-middle Pliocene Warm Period. This transition …

The mid-Piacenzian is known as a period of relative warmth when compared to the present
day. A comprehensive understanding of conditions during the Piacenzian serves as both a …

Abstract The Miocene epoch, spanning 23.03–5.33 Ma, was a dynamic climate of sustained,
polar amplified warmth. Miocene atmospheric CO2 concentrations are typically …

Climate and environments of the mid-Pliocene warm period (3.264 to 3.025 Ma) have been
extensively studied. Whilst numerical models have shed light on the nature of climate at the …

With CO2 concentrations similar to today (410 ppm), the Pliocene Epoch offers insights into
climate changes under a moderately warmer world. Previous work suggested a low zonal …

The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) is a co-ordinated international
climate modelling initiative to study and understand climate and environments of the Late …

In light of mounting empirical evidence that planetary warming is well underway, the climate
research community looks to palaeoclimate research for a ground-truthing measure with …

The mid-Piacenzian climate represents the most geologically recent interval of long-term
average warmth relative to the last million years and shares similarities with the climate …