Purpose. The pain VAS is a unidimensional measure of pain intensity (1), which has been
widely used in diverse adult populations, including those with rheumatic diseases (2–5) …

Study Design Systematic review of clinical measurement. Objective To find and synthesize
evidence on the psychometric properties and usefulness of the neck disability index (NDI) …

Quantitative Research Methods in Translation and Interpreting Studies encompasses all
stages of the research process that include quantitative research methods, from …

BACKGROUND: Published in 1991, the Neck Disability Index (NDI) was the first instrument
designed to assess self-rated disability in patients with neck pain. This article reviews the …

[Purpose] Smartphone use reportedly changes posture. However, how neck posture is
altered in smartphone users with neck pain is unknown. This study examined changes in the …

Study Design. Cultural translation and psychometric testing. Objective. To translate and
validate the Iranian versions of the Neck Disability Index (NDI-IR) and the Neck Pain and …

Objectives: The aim of this study is to introduce pain measurement tools that are considered
suitable for clinical practice and research for Korean Medicine Doctors. Methods: We …

Study Design. Observational prospective study. Objective. Validate the Spanish version of
the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Summary of Background Data. The NDI is the most widely …

Abilities of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire to assess change have scarcely been
addressed in previous studies. The aim of the present study was to examine test–retest …

Purpose To investigate the validity of the Neck Pain and Disability Scale Dutch Language
Version (NPAD-DLV) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI)-DLV. Methods NPAD–DLV, NDI …