The book explores how weak presidents directly or indirectly elected can still play a crucial
role in the political arena. Weak presidents have been distinguished from strong ones by …

The living constitution was considerably transformed in the delicate and lengthy transition
between the First and Second Italian Republics. These changes have also concerned the …

Presidential going public is under-investigated in Europe and this chapter specifically
addresses this gap in literature by focusing on New Year (NY) and Christmas (CH) …

Constrained presidents considerably use going-public strategies among their possible
patterns of behaviour. However, presidential going public is under-investigated in Europe …

Technocracy is becoming increasingly relevant in Western democracies and particularly in
Italy, a country characterised by four technocratic governments in three decades. Despite the …

In this paper, we address the topic of policy actorness in Italian foreign policy to characterize
the understudied role of the President of the Italian Republic (PoR). We apply quantitative …