Bipolar disorder is a multifactorial illness with uncertain aetiology. Knowledge of potential
risk factors enables clinicians to identify patients who are more likely to develop bipolar …

In this paper, the authors review the history of the pharmacological treatment of bipolar
disorder, from the first nonspecific sedative agents introduced in the 19th and early 20th …

Context There is limited information on the prevalence and correlates of bipolar spectrum
disorder in international population-based studies using common methods. Objectives To …

Context There is growing recognition that bipolar disorder (BPD) has a spectrum of
expression that is substantially more common than the 1% BP-I prevalence traditionally …

The results of recent community epidemiological research are reviewed, documenting that
major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent, persistent, and often seriously …

Objective: To determine the incidence of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, panic
disorder, social anxiety disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder and to assess their …

The etiology and clinical course of bipolar disorder are considered to be determined by
genetic and environmental factors. Although the kindling hypothesis emphasizes the impact …

Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine are concerned with medical conditions affecting
brain, mind and behaviour in manifold ways. Traditional approaches have focused on a …

Objective: Bipolar disorders are prevalent major illnesses with high rates of morbidity,
comorbidity, disability, and mortality. A growing number of psychotropic drugs are used to …

Irritability is a diagnostic symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and
adolescents but not in adults in both the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental …