Observations of seismic anisotropy yield some of the most direct constraints available on
both past and present-day deformation in the Earth's mantle. Insight into the character of …

In many text books of fluid dynamics, and for most students, the word “fluid” refers to one of
the states of matter, either liquid or gaseous, in contrast to the solid state. This definition is …

The forces that cause deformation of western North America have been debated for
decades. Recent studies, primarily based on analysis of crustal stresses in the western …

Rocks often develop fabric when subject to deformation, and this fabric causes anisotropy of
physical properties such as viscosity and seismic velocities. We employ 2-D analytical …

The association of experimental data showing that the plastic deformation of olivine, the
main constituent of the upper mantle, is highly anisotropic and the ubiquitous seismic …

Asthenospheric shear causes some minerals, particularly olivine, to develop anisotropic
textures that can be detected seismically. In laboratory experiments, these textures are also …

Observations of anisotropy in Earth are used regularly as constraints for models of
deformation, using various assumptions about the relationship between deformation and the …

In mantle convection simulations, dynamically evolving plate boundaries have, for the most
part, been represented using an visco-plastic flow law. These systems develop fine-scale …

Naturally deformed dunite cores with a preexisting crystallographic preferred orientation
(CPO), collected from a shear zone in the Josephine peridotite (southwest Oregon, USA) …

Mechanical modeling of deformation in the Earth's upper mantle relies on flow laws derived
from deformation experiments on olivine aggregates. Olivine is the primary phase in Earth's …