Observations from the last decade suggest an important role of sea ice in the global
biogeochemical cycles, promoted by (i) active biological and chemical processes within the …

Abstract Euro‐Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change coupled climate model (CMCC‐
CM2) represents the new family of the global coupled climate models developed and used …

The new 3.6 version of the Louvain-la-Neuve sea ice model (LIM) is presented, as
integrated in the most recent stable release of Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean …

A new global high-resolution coupled climate model, EC-Earth3P-HR has been developed
by the EC-Earth consortium, with a resolution of approximately 40 km for the atmosphere …

Abstract Broad, long-living, ice-free areas in midwinter northeast of Svalbard between 2011
and 2014 are investigated. The formation of these persistent and reemerging anomalies is …

Sea ice is a key element of the Earth's climate system, and also of significant ecological, geo‐
political, and economic importance. Understanding the ongoing changes of the Earth's sea …

We report a multi-centennial oscillation of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
(AMOC) simulated by the EC-Earth3 climate model under the pre-industrial climate. This …

Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) reached a new record low in February 2023. Here we examine
the evolution of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea ice system during the 12 months …

Profound changes in Arctic sea-ice, a growing desire to utilize the Arctic's abundant natural
resources, and the potential competitiveness of Arctic shipping routes, all provide for …

We introduce PARASO, a novel five-component fully-coupled regional climate model over
an Antarctic circumpolar domain covering the full Southern Ocean. The state-of-the-art …