Chronic spontaneous urticaria is characterized by a perivascular non-necrotizing cellular
infiltrate around small venules of the skin. It consists primarily of CD4 (+) lymphocytes, a …

This review presents evidence that the skin mast cell, in particular the MCTC subtype, is the
primary effector cell in urticaria. Mast cells are located in the upper dermis, the ideal situation …

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is defined as recurrent episodes of spontaneous
wheal development and/or angioedema for more than six weeks and at least twice a week …

abstract The signs and symptoms of chronic urticaria (CU) are caused by the activation and
degranulation of skin mast cells (MCs). Recent studies have added to our understanding of …

Chronic urticaria is defined as the presence of urticaria for a period exceeding 6 weeks,
assuming symptoms for most days of the week. It is divided into chronic inducible urticarias …

Urticaria, also known as hives, is a very common condition thought to affect up to 20% of the
population in their lifetime. 1 This skin condition is characterized by the appearance of …

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is considered in a subset of patients to be an
autoimmune disorder. Interleukin (IL)-17, IL-31, and IL-33 are involved in some immune …

The pathogenesis of chronic urticaria is not well delineated and the treatment is palliative as
it is not tied to the pathomechanism. The centrality of mast cells and their inappropriate …

Chronic urticaria is a common skin disease without a clear etiology in the vast majority of
cases. The similarity of symptoms and lesion pathology to allergen-induced skin reactions …

Background Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common skin disorder, which is
considered in a subset of patients to be an autoimmune disorder. T helper 17 (Th17) cells …