Background and aim Understanding the experience of initiating injection drug use and its
social contexts is crucial to inform efforts to prevent transitions into this mode of drug …

Objectives The burden of substance use in Kenya is significant. The objective of this study
was to systematically summarize existing literature on substance use in Kenya, identify …

Just over 10 years have passed since public health experts called for an update to the
Binfection risk reduction hierarchy^[1]. At the time Vlahov et al. noted that HIV prevention …

Abstract Purpose of Review Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a global phenomenon and is on
the rise in Africa, denoting a shift from historical patterns of drug transport to internal …

Background Injecting drug users are at high risk of HIV infection globally. Research related
to female drug users is rare in Kenya, yet it is required to inform the development of gender …

Introduction Gender dynamics and interpersonal relations within intimate partnerships are
known to determine health behaviors, including substance use, within couples. In addition …

Abstract Background In Kenya, violence is common among people who inject drugs (PWID)
living with HIV and their sexual and injecting partners and may lead to decreased uptake of …

Abstract Background A Cross-sectional Rapid Situational Assessment of People Who Inject
Drug (PWIDs) applying Respondent Driven sampling techniques (RDS) was used to recruit …

Introduction Key population (KP) members frequently experience violence that violates their
human rights, increases their risk of HIV, and acts as a barrier to access and uptake of HIV …

Background Illegal drug markets are shaped by multiple forces, including local actors and
broader economic, political, social, and criminal justice systems that intertwine to impact …