Respiration is a brain function on which our lives essentially depend. Control of respiration
ensures that the frequency and depth of breathing adapt continuously to metabolic needs. In …

Painful experience is a complex entity made up of sensory, affective, motivational and
cognitive dimensions. The neural mechanisms involved in pain perception acts in a serial …

Neuronal stimulation is an emerging field in modern medicine to control organ function and
re-establish physiological homeostasis during illness. Transdermal nerve stimulation with …

Nausea and vomiting are among the most frequently occurring symptoms observed by
clinicians. While advances have been made in understanding both the physiological as well …

Objective: To explore the safety and efficacy of external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS)
in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) using a double-blind randomized controlled …

Sensory nerves innervating the mucosa of the airways monitor the local environment for the
presence of irritant stimuli and, when activated, provide input to the nucleus of the solitary …

The safety and preliminary efficacy of trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) for epilepsy was
evaluated in a pilot feasibility study of transcutaneous stimulation of the infraorbital and …

Recent technological improvements have positioned us at the threshold of innovative
discoveries that will assist in new perspectives and avenues of research. Increased attention …

The cranial nerves are the pathways through which environmental information (sensation) is
directly communicated to the brain, leading to perception, and giving rise to higher cognition …

Most patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not recover with initial
pharmacotherapy, and many pursue combination treatments. Combining a medication with …