Chronic inflammation and immune responses are two core element that characterize the
tumor microenvironment. A large number of immune/inflammatory cells (including tumor …

IL-6 family cytokines are defined by the common use of the signal-transducing receptor
chain glycoprotein 130 (gp130). Increasing evidence indicates that these cytokines are …

A high-intensity potentially tissue-injuring stimulus generates a homotopic response to
escape the stimulus and is associated with an affective phenotype considered to represent …

Stromal cells are a subject of rapidly growing immunological interest based on their ability to
influence virtually all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity. Present in every bodily tissue …

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) continues to pose a substantial global health challenge
due to its high incidence and limited therapeutic options. In recent years, the Janus Kinase …

Simple Summary Lung cancer is currently the second leading cause of cancer death
worldwide. Cytokines are small proteins that carry messages between cells and are known …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the joints,
causing irreversible cartilage, synovium, and bone degradation. During the course of the …

Oncostain M, a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, is produced by immune cells in
response to infections and tissue injury. OSM has a broad, often context-dependent effect on …

Recombinant human growth differentiation factor 15 (rhGDF15) affects dendritic cell (DC)
maturation. However, whether GDF15 is expressed in DCs and its roles and signaling in …

A key point of immunity against protozoan Leishmania parasites is the development of an
optimal T cell response, which includes a low apoptotic rate, high proliferative activity and …