▪ Abstract Anthrax toxin consists of three nontoxic proteins that associate in binary or ternary
combinations to form toxic complexes at the surface of mammalian cells. One of these …

Certain pathogenic species of Bacillus and Clostridium have developed unique methods for
intoxicating cells that employ the classic enzymatic “AB” paradigm for protein toxins. The …

The tripartite toxin secreted by Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, helps the
bacterium evade the immune system and can kill the host during a systemic infection. Two …

Lethal factor (LF) is a protein (relative molecular mass 90,000) that is critical in the
pathogenesis of anthrax,,. It is a highly specific protease that cleaves members of the …

After binding to cellular receptors and proteolytic activation, the protective antigen
component of anthrax toxin forms a heptameric prepore. The prepore later undergoes pH …

Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) binds pro-urokinase plasminogen
activator (pro-uPA) and thereby localizes it near plasminogen, causing the generation of …

Anthrax toxin, a major virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis, gains entry into target cells by
binding to either of 2 von Willebrand factor A domain-containing proteins, tumor endothelium …

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are overexpressed in a variety of tumor tissues and cell
lines, and their expression is highly correlated to tumor invasion and metastasis. To exploit …

Bacillus anthracis, a gram positive bacterium, is the causative agent of anthrax. This
organism is capsulogen and toxinogenic. It secretes two toxins which are composed of three …

Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis is applicable to a broad range of biological analytes and
has the important advantage that it does not require analytes to be labeled. A drawback of …