The intestinal epithelium withstands continuous mechanical, chemical and biological insults
despite its single-layered, simple epithelial structure. The crypt–villus tissue architecture in …

The gastrointestinal tract has recently come to the forefront of multiple research fields. It is
now recognized as a major source of signals modulating food intake, insulin secretion and …

The view that sleep is essential for survival is supported by the ubiquity of this behavior, the
apparent existence of sleep-like states in the earliest animals, and the fact that severe sleep …

The innate immune response provides the first line of defense against invading pathogens,
and immune disorders cause a variety of diseases. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster …

Since the discovery of antimicrobial peptide responses 40 years ago, the fruit fly Drosophila
melanogaster has proven to be a powerful model for the study of innate immunity. Early work …

Insect guts present distinctive environments for microbial colonization, and bacteria in the
gut potentially provide many beneficial services to their hosts. Insects display a wide range …

The gut microbiota significantly regulates the development and function of the innate and
adaptive immune system. The attribute of immunological memory has long been linked only …

Paneth cells are post-mitotic intestinal epithelial cells supporting the stem cell niche and
mucosal immunity. Paneth cell pathologies are observed in various gastrointestinal …

Studies of the adult Drosophila midgut have led to many insights in our understanding of cell-
type diversity, stem cell regeneration, tissue homeostasis, and cell fate decision. Advances …

Clonal alterations in hematopoietic cells occur during aging and are often associated with
the establishment of a subclinical inflammatory environment. Several age-related conditions …