Highlights•Many members of the SOX family of transcription factors possess the capacity to
drive direct conversion to a variety of cell lineages.•We review target lineages that have …

Second‐generation reprogramming of somatic cells directly into the cell type of interest
avoids induction of pluripotency and subsequent cumbersome differentiation procedures …

Direct reprogramming from somatic to neural cell types has become an alternative to
induced pluripotent stem cells. Most protocols employ viral expression systems, posing the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, neurodegenerative disorder that results from the loss
of cells in the substantia nigra (SN) which is located in the midbrain. However, no cure is …

The loss of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the
striatum is the hallmark of Huntington disease (HD), an incurable neurodegenerative …

Recent investigations have demonstrated that defined sets of exogenous factors (chemical
and/or biochemical) can convert human and mouse somatic cells into induced neural stem …

Summary Simultaneous expression of Oct4, Klf4, Sox2, and cMyc induces pluripotency in
somatic cells (iPSCs). Replacing Oct4 with the neuro-specific factor Brn4 leads to …

Aging is associated with a progressive increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative
diseases, with Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) disease being the most conspicuous …

The study and treatment of neurological disorders have been hampered by a lack of access
to live, healthy, or disease-affected human neurons. The recent advances in the field of cell …

Introduction: Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease
characterized by chorea, dementia, and depression caused by progressive nerve cell …