Local governments are expected now more than ever to lead climate action planning as
climate change intensifies and urbanization increases rapidly. However, studies indicate …

Although planning and policy instruments are important for climate change adaptation, the
implementation of these measures is critical for success. This paper studies different climate …

Observed changes and impacts Ongoing climate trends have exacerbated many extreme
events (very high confidence). The Australian trends include further warming and sea level …

Defining and measuring progress in adaptation are important questions for climate
adaptation science, policy, and practice. Here, we assess the progress of urban adaptation …

Although over 70 countries adopted a national climate change adaptation plan (NAP), little
is known about the extent to which these plans are implemented. NAP monitoring and …

The IPCC emphasises the need to centre climate change adaptation in climate actions due
to a lack of progress on meaningful climate change mitigation. This requires the expansion …

Tracking progress towards the Global Goal on Adaptation requires documentation of
countries' intentions, against which future progress can be measured. The extent to which …

Recent systematic reviews show that, overall, and across governance levels and sectors,
climate change adaptation monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems are rarely …

Local governments have a vital climate change adaptation role. However, major
breakdowns in the ability of local governments to mainstream adaptation responses have …

Climate change adaptation, CCA henceforth, is nowadays a shared concern, deeply
investigated and advocated by international research and political organisations. However …