Mixed-phase clouds represent a three-phase colloidal system consisting of water vapor, ice
particles, and coexisting supercooled liquid droplets. Mixed-phase clouds are ubiquitous in …

The knowledge of the lightning-induced nitrogen oxides (LNO x) source is important for
understanding and predicting the nitrogen oxides and ozone distributions in the troposphere …

A simple parameterization has been developed to simulate global lightning distributions.
Convective cloud top height is used as the variable in the parameterization, with different …

Nitrogen oxides (NOx≡ NO+ NO2) produced by lightning make a major contribution to the
global production of tropospheric ozone and OH. Lightning distributions inferred from …

Evidence for the tripole structure of electrified clouds is summarized. The observed structure
is quantitatively consistent with the results of laboratory simulations and suggests that …

Several mechanisms can extend the equilibrium domain of a liquid phase into the solid
region of the normal phase diagram. The causes of premelting, which include surface …

We describe a global three‐dimensional model for tropospheric O3‐NOx‐hydrocarbon
chemistry with synoptic‐scale resolution. A suite of 15 chemical tracers, including O3, NOx …

The Schumann resonance, a global electromagnetic phenomenon, is shown to be a
sensitive measure of temperature fluctuations in the tropical atmosphere. The link between …

This unique book provides the reader with a thorough background in almost every aspect of
lightning and its impact on electrical and electronic equipment. The contents range from …

This paper reviews the status of forecasting convective precipitation for time periods less
than a few hours (nowcasting). Techniques for nowcasting thunderstorm location were …