How cooperation originates and persists in diverse species, from bacteria to multicellular
organisms to human societies, is a major question in evolutionary biology. A large literature …

A scientist integrates evolutionary biology, genetics, psychology, economics, and more to
explore the development and workings of human societies.“There is no good reason why …

What makes humans moral beings? This question can be understood either as a proximate
“how” question or as an ultimate “why” question. The “how” question is about the mental and …

Mutualisms are interspecific interactions that yield reciprocal benefits. Here, by adopting a
consumer–resource perspective, we show how considering competition is necessary in …

Biological market theory has been used successfully to explain cooperative behavior in
many animal species. Microbes also engage in cooperative behaviors, both with hosts and …

Understanding why individuals carry out behaviours that benefit others, especially
genetically unrelated others, has been a major undertaking in many fields and particularly in …

Human-made noise is contributing increasingly to ocean soundscapes. Its physical,
physiological and behavioural effects on marine organisms are potentially widespread, but …

Highlights•We summarize in what respect evolutionary game theory has improved our
understanding of the evolution and maintenance of cooperation.•We introduce the concept …

Deviations from model‐based predictions of strategies leading to stable cooperation
between unrelated individuals have raised considerable debate in regards to decision …

The benefits and limitations of utilizing collaborative and competitive activities within and
between groups to facilitate learning are well known. Typically, these two concepts are …