Periodontal diseases usually refer to common inflammatory disorders known as gingivitis
and periodontitis, which are caused by a pathogenic microbiota in the subgingival biofilm …

Aims To review the evidence for the molecular and cellular processes that may potentially
link periodontal disease and diabetes. The pathogenic roles of cytokines and metabolic …

The present narrative review examines the scientific evidence of the biological mechanisms
that may link periodontitis and diabetes, as a source of comorbidity. Publications regarding …

Because recent studies implicate Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the pathogenesis of fibrosis,
we sought to investigate the in vitro and in vivo role and mechanism of TLR4-mediated …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) may alter bone remodeling, as osteopenia and osteoporosis are
among the complications. Moreover, DM increases the risk and severity of chronic …

The chemotactic cytokines, or chemokines, comprise a superfamily of polypeptides with a
wide range of activities that include recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection and …

Periodontitis is a common infectious disease. Recent studies have indicated that the
progression of periodontitis may be regulated by interactions between host immunity and …

Introduction Periodontitis is initiated and sustained by bacteria. However, the mechanism of
bacteria induced periodontitis is still unknown. We hypothesized that bacterial components …

Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease that affects the tissues that support
and invest the teeth. These tissues include the gingiva (or gum, the visible part of pink tissue …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem, having recognized that in the next 20
years the number of diabetic patients in the world will increase to 642 million. DM exerts …