Mitochondria are a main source of cellular energy. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is
the major process of aerobic respiration. Enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain …

Abstract Iron-sulfur (Fe–S) clusters are essential cofactors most commonly known for their
role mediating electron transfer within the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The Fe–S cluster …

The carotid body (CB) is the main peripheral chemoreceptor for arterial respiratory gases O2
and CO2 and pH, eliciting reflex ventilatory, cardiovascular, and humoral responses to …

Molecular oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are the primary gaseous substrate and
product of oxidative phosphorylation in respiring organisms, respectively. Variance in the …

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be either detrimental or beneficial
depending on the amount, duration, and location of their production. Mitochondrial complex I …

C. elegans react to metabolic distress caused by mismatches in oxygen and energy status
via distinct behavioral responses. At the molecular level, these responses are coordinated …

The homeostatic oxygen sensing system (HOSS) optimizes systemic oxygen delivery.
Specialized tissues utilize a conserved mitochondrial sensor, often involving NDUFS2 in …

Acute O 2 sensing by peripheral chemoreceptors is essential for mammalian homeostasis.
Carotid body glomus cells contain O 2-sensitive ion channels, which trigger fast adaptive …

The large K+ channel functional diversity in the pulmonary vasculature results from the
multitude of genes expressed encoding K+ channels, alternative RNA splicing, the post …

Adjustments of ventilation in fishes to regulate the volume of water flowing over the gills are
critically important responses to match branchial gas transfer with metabolic needs and to …