Malnutrition occurs when nutrient intake does not meet the needs for normal body functions
and as a consequence leads to alterations of growth and development in children. Chronic …

Diabetes mellitus has emerged as a common comorbidity in cystic fibrosis and is considered
a clinical entity (cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, CFRD) distinct from that of type 1 diabetes …

This chapter serves as an update and replaces the 2018 ISPAD consensus guideline on
definition, epidemiology, and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents. 1 It …

• Diagnostic criteria for all types of diabetes in children and adolescents are based on
laboratory measurement of plasma blood glucose levels (BGL) and the presence or …

Maria E Craiga, b, Craig Jefferiesc, Dana Dabelead, Naby Baldee, Anju Sethf and Kim C
Donaghuea aInstitute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead …

Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is the most common comorbidity associated with
cystic fibrosis (CF).[A]• The pathophysiology of CFRD is complex and includes the loss of …

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) was the most common fatal single-gene disorder in Caucasians.
However, CF is found in non-Caucasians, including people of 100% African descent, and …

The pancreas is one of the earliest, and most commonly affected, organs in patients with
cystic fibrosis (CF). Studying the pathogenesis of pancreatic disease is limited in CF …

Malnutrition is one of the main burdens of disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) along with lung
disease. Data from the most recent Cystic Fibrosis Foundation registry report show the …

The development of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) often leads to poorer outcomes
in patients with cystic fibrosis including increases in pulmonary exacerbations, poorer lung …