The COVID-19 pandemic placed the field of vaccinology squarely at the center of global
consciousness, emphasizing the vital role of vaccines as transformative public health tools …

Nanovaccines have gathered significant attention for their potential to elicit tumor-specific
immunological responses. Despite notable progress in tumor immunotherapy, nanovaccines …

While most of the cancer immunotherapy strategies engage adaptive immunity, especially
tumor-associated T cells, the small fraction of responding patients and types of cancers …

Here, I introduce the concept of 'integrated organ immunity'to explain how the innate and
adaptive immune systems and non-haematopoietic cells can interact in tissues to generate …

Trained immunity is characterized by histone modifications and metabolic changes in innate
immune cells following exposure to inflammatory signals, leading to heightened …

Memory T cells form from the adaptive immune response to historic infections or
vaccinations. Some memory T cells have the potential to recognise unrelated pathogens like …

Conventionally, it was thought that innate immunity operated through a simple system of
nonspecific responses to an insult. However, this perspective now seems overly simplistic. It …

Intradermal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most widely administered vaccine, but it
does not sufficiently protect adults against pulmonary tuberculosis. Recent studies in …

Intradermal Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is currently
the only licensed strategy for preventing tuberculosis (TB). It provides limited protection …

Pathogen encounter can result in epigenetic remodeling that shapes disease caused by
heterologous pathogens. Here, we examined innate immune memory in the context of …