Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a gut peptide hormone originally reported as a
vasodilator in 1970, has multiple physiological and pathological effects on development …

The inflammatory responses of resident central nervous system (CNS) cells are now known
to play a critical role in the initiation and progression of an array of infectious and sterile …

The preclinical studies in vivo provide means of characterizing physiologic interactions
when our understanding of such processes is insufficient to allow replacement with in vitro …

Dysregulation of neuropeptides may play an important role in aging-induced impairments. In
the long list of neuropeptides, pituitary adenylate cyclase–activating polypeptide (PACAP) …

Animal models for colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CACC) represent an important tool to
explore the mechanistic basis of cancer-related inflammation, providing important evidence …

Hypothalamic neuropeptides named hypocretin/orexins which were identified in 1998
regulate critical functions such as wakefulness in the central nervous system. These past 20 …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic recurrent condition whose etiology is
unknown, and it includes ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and microscopic colitis. These …

AIM To investigate the temporal clinical, proteomic, histological and cellular immune profiles
of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis. METHODS Acute colitis was induced …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsed intestinal disease with an increasing incidence
around the world. The pathophysiology of UC remains unclear. However, the role of the …

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a multifunctional neuropeptide
with widespread occurrence throughout the body including the gastrointestinal system. In …