Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative pathway in vaccine research and
delivery. Nanovaccines, encompassing lipid and nonlipid formulations, exhibit considerable …

Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of antibiotic-resistant nosocomial infections with
high mortality rates, yet there is currently no clinically approved vaccine formulation. During …

Anthrax infections caused by Bacillus anthracis are an ongoing bioterrorism and livestock
threat worldwide. Current approaches for management, including extended passive …

Antigens incorporated in subunit vaccines are typically poorly immunogenic, so a strong
immunostimulant (adjuvant) and/or delivery system is required to boost immunogenicity. In …

Giardia intestinalis (Giardia lambia, Giardia duodenalis) infections in humans may be
asymptomatic or symptomatic and associated with diarrhea (without blood), abdominal …

The direct modulation of T cell responses is an emerging therapeutic strategy with the
potential to modulate undesired immune responses including, autoimmune disease, and …

Vaccines have been a life-saviour in combating different kinds of infectious diseases.
Although they are considered as one of the biggest achievements in medical science …

Giardia intestinalis infection leads to intestinal cell damage and loss of the brush border of
the intestinal epithelium, resulting in shortened microvilli and impaired epithelial barrier …

Cell-based therapies are emerging for Type I diabetes mellitus (T1D), an autoimmune
disease characterized by the destruction of insulin producing pancreatic β-cells, as a means …

Giardiasis is one of the main causes of diarrhea all over the world and among all age
groups, as it infects approximately 285 million people annually. It affects it, including …