In utero alcohol exposure can disrupt the development of the fetal brain and result in a wide
range of neurobehavioral outcomes collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders …

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a safe method to examine human brain. However, a
typical MR scan is very sensitive to motion, and it requires the subject to lie still during the …

Background Approximately 250 million (43%) children under the age of 5 years in low-and
middle-income countries (LMICs) are failing to meet their developmental potential. Risk …

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) interferes with neurodevelopment. The brain is particularly
susceptible to the adverse consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure, and numerous …

Environmental exposures including toxins and nutrition may hamper the developing brain in
utero, limiting the brain's reserve capacity and increasing the risk for Alzheimer's disease …

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have consistently demonstrated
disproportionately smaller corpus callosa in individuals with a history of prenatal alcohol …

Importance High levels of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are associated with widespread
behavioral and cognitive problems as well as structural alterations of the brain. However, it …

Introduction: There is a growing population of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected
(HEU) with the successful expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use in pregnancy …

Background Maternal physical and mental health during pregnancy are key determinants of
birth outcomes. There are relatively few prospective data that integrate physical and mental …

Background Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a significant public health concern,
yet there is no internationally agreed set of diagnostic criteria or summary of underlying …