The previous decade has seen a rapid increase in microglial studies on pain, with a unique
focus on microgliosis in the spinal cord after nerve injury and neuropathic pain. Numerous …

Opioids are a mainstay of acute pain management but can have many adverse effects,
contributing to problematic long-term use. Opioid tolerance (increased dose needed for …

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), early synaptic dysfunction is associated with the increased
oligomeric amyloid-beta peptide, which causes NMDAR-dependent synaptic depression …

Amyloid-beta (Aß) and hyperphosphorylated tau are hallmark lesions of Alzheimer's disease
(AD). However, the loss of synapses and dysfunctions of neurotransmission are more …

NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are glutamate-gated ion channels and are crucial for neuronal
communication. NMDARs form tetrameric complexes that consist of several homologous …

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) produce significant changes in the structural
properties of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) by affecting their energy landscapes …

Long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTP/LTD) can be elicited by activating N-
methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors, typically by the coincident activity of …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by
cognitive dysfunction and synaptic failure. The current therapeutic approaches are mainly …

Synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, are
neurodegenerative disorders that are characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein …

Amyloid-β and tau are the two hallmark proteins in Alzheimer's disease. Although both
amyloid-β and tau have been extensively studied individually with regard to their separate …