Hemoglobin mass is a key factor for maximal exercise capacity. Some athletes apply
prohibited techniques and substances with intent to increase hemoglobin mass and physical …

Total hemoglobin (Hb) mass is an important determinant of aerobic power. The glycoprotein
erythropoietin (Epo) promotes the production of red blood cells (RBCs). The present article …

Drug use and abuse is perhaps the biggest challenge facing sport today. However, in the
eye of the storm of public and press opinion and with medals and morals at stake, it can be …

Abstract The Athlete Blood Passport is the most recent tool adopted by anti-doping
authorities to detect athletes using performance-enhancing drugs such as recombinant …

Oxygen is essential for life, and the body has developed an exquisite method to collect
oxygen in the lungs and transport it to the tissues. Hb contained within red blood cells …

The present review provides a comprehensive overview on the erythropoietic and non-
erythropoietic effects of rHuEpo on human sport performance, paying attention to quantifying …

Evidence of the continuous rise of novel doping agents and novel doping strategies calls for
the development of more accurate multi‐target screening methods. Direct multi‐target …

Background: the main action of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) is to increase
the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. To prevent a possible misuse of rHuEpo, this is …

BACKGROUND: Since no direct detection method for autologous blood transfusions exists,
the most promising attempt is the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) and its adaptive model …

The hematological module of the Athlete's Biological Passport (ABP) identifies doping
methods and/or substances used to increase the blood's capacity to transport or deliver …